Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) C Fundamentals Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• What is the abbreviation for Retinal Pigment Epithelium?
• Which layer contains the photoreceptor cell bodies?
• Oversampling refers to:
• If a patient has glaucoma, what is a major concern of the ophthalmologist?
• Which statement correctly differentiates pseudo macular hole from degenerative lamellar macular hole?
• From the surface inward, which is the correct order of corneal layers?
• The boundary between retina and vitreous is which structure?
• Where is Bruch's membrane located?
• The RPE forms part of which barrier?
• Which statement best describes Wet AMD's characteristics?
• What is the common abbreviation for Bruch's membrane?
• The Nyquist rate in OCT imaging represents the minimum sampling frequency required to accurately capture the highest frequency component. It is recommended to sample at least how many times the highest frequency?
• Which statement about the cornea epithelium is true?
• If an artifact appears as dark lines streaking through a line scan vertically, where is it located relative to the retina?
• What is a scleral spur?
• Which slit-lamp observation suggests a macular hole?
• The rods in the retina are described as which?
• Which property is associated with the corneal stroma?
• Where is Schwalbe line located?
• What distinguishes a lamellar macular hole from a full-thickness macular hole?
• Which two glaucoma-related conditions involve pigment liberation in the anterior segment?
• W-ROYGB stands for which concept in OCT imaging?
• Which statement about retinal nerve fiber layer appearance is true?
• What is the main function of the retinal nerve fiber layer?
• On an OCT image's false color scale, a red or white color indicates which of the following about tissue reflectivity?
• What is the outermost layer of the cornea?
• If a patient has proliferative diabetic retinopathy, what combination of tests might be ordered?
• Which of the following is NOT a function of cone photoreceptors?
• What are the two membranes found in the cornea?
• What role does Bruch's membrane play in the eye?
• What is the average central macular thickness?
• Which statement about rods is true?
• In OCT imaging, how is hypo-reflectivity indicated?
• What is the purpose of the bipolar cell in the inner nuclear layer?
• What is the primary function of the choroidal vessels?
• Starting from the anterior surface toward the posterior, how many layers does the cornea have and what are they?
• Which statement about Dry AMD is true?
• Dry AMD is characterized by which of the following?
• What is the abbreviation for the photoreceptor ellipsoid zone?
• What is the other name for Descemet membrane?
• Which layer contains the cell bodies of the bipolar, horizontal, and amacrine cells?
• The inner limiting membrane is a boundary between which structures?
• The cones in the retina are primarily associated with?
• On an infrared image, how would exudates appear?
• Which anterior segment structures cannot be visualized with optical coherence tomography?
• Which of the following is NOT part of the sensory retina?
• Which statement best describes the scleral spur?
• What is the diameter of the optic disc in millimeters?
• Spectral domain OCT commonly uses which wavelength?
• Which statement about Descemet's membrane is correct?
• Which item is NOT listed among the most common corneal disorders?
• In the retina's inner-to-outer sequence, which layer lies immediately after the Ganglion Cell Layer?
• Which statement describes the degenerative lamellar macular hole?
• Which anterior segment structure cannot be visualized with OCT?
• What is another name for spectral domain OCT?
• What is Schlemm's canal?
• Which statement best describes the inner plexiform layer?
• In diabetic retinopathy, which retinal layer is most commonly associated with fluid accumulation in the macula?
• What color would a very hypo reflective, thin layer of the retina appear on an OCT scan?
• Which OCT technology employs a moving reference mirror to obtain depth information?
• Retinoschisis is best described as splitting of the retina between which layers?
• How does Wet AMD affect vision?
• What is the internal limiting membrane (ILM)?
• The RPE is firmly attached to which structure?
• Which combination of tests might be ordered for proliferative diabetic retinopathy?
• Where is the retinal pigment epithelium located relative to the neurosensory retina?
• What is the number one concern when installing OCT software on a new network?
• What is the abbreviation for the photoreceptor outer segment?
• External Limiting Membrane separates which parts?
• DICOM stands for what in medical imaging?
• Which layer contains the synapses between bipolar cells and ganglion cells?
• Which corneal layer lies directly beneath the epithelium?
• What term describes the structure at the end of Descemet's membrane?
• What does the corneal stroma consist of?
• What is an A-scan used for?
• Which term best describes a depth-resolved reflectivity profile at a single lateral position?
• The vitreous is composed of what percent water?
• Which statement best describes the choroid?
• Fuchs dystrophy is characterized by damage to which corneal layer, interrupting nutrient exchange?
• Which layer contains the synapses between photoreceptors and bipolar cells?
• Why is the outer plexiform layer prone to fluid collection in diabetic retinopathy?
• Highly reflective tissue appears which color on OCT images?
• Which statement is true about the RPE layer on OCT?
• Which arrangement enables depth-resolved OCT data through interference?
• The Henle fiber layer is described as containing what?
• Which color on an OCT scan indicates areas of highest reflectivity?
• On OCT scans, serous fluid appears as which color?
• The fovea is the area of maximum visual acuity due to high concentration of which photoreceptors?
• What is the function of the choroid?
• What is the abbreviation for the ganglion cell complex?
• Which corneal layer is also known as the limiting membrane?
• Which layer of the retina contains the cell nuclei of photoreceptors?
• Which group is not included in glaucoma sampling?
• What is an algorithm?
• Pigment deposition on the posterior surface of the central cornea indicates which condition?
• What are the axial length resolutions for spectral domain and time domain OCT?
• Schlemm's canal is primarily involved in which function?
• What condition is caused by pockets of protein and calcium salts building up in the optic nerve over time?
• Which statement is true regarding the trabecular meshwork and its posterior border?
• Which retinal layer is referred to as the blood-barrier?
• The retina’s layer where signals pass from photoreceptors to bipolar and horizontal cells is which layer?
• Which OCT feature does a line scan primarily report?
• Which statement describes cones in relation to the fovea?
• Which cells have their nuclei located in the inner nuclear layer?
• Which layer is the site of synapses between bipolar cell axons and ganglion cell dendrites?
• What color would a very hypo-reflective layer, thin layer of the retina show up as on an OCT scan?
• Which layer contains the cell bodies of bipolar, horizontal, and amacrine cells?
• In Fuchs dystrophy, which corneal layer is damaged?
• What is the Outer Plexiform Layer primarily the interface between?
• What is the CDC commonly abbreviated as?
• Time Domain OCT axial length is commonly expressed in A-scans; what is the typical value?
• Which retinal layer contains synapses between photoreceptors and bipolar cells?
• Where is Bruch's membrane located?
• Which statement best describes the macula's function?
• Which structure provides structural support to the retina and lies between the choroid and the retinal pigment epithelium?
• Which statement best describes Bruch's membrane?
• Which abbreviation stands for the inner nuclear layer?
• In the context of retinal layers, what does ING stand for?
• In OCT imaging, what does the color white indicate?
• Which two layers of the retina form a barrier to the passage of molecules between choroid and retina?
• Which description best characterizes optic disc pallor?
• What does SLO stand for in retinal imaging?
• Do corneal endothelial cells regenerate?
• What is the abbreviation for the Outer Plexiform Layer?
• Which OCT scan uses data tracking and landmark recognition to place a follow-up scan?
• Subretinal fluid due to leakage under the retina is most characteristic of which condition?
• Approximately how many cone photoreceptors are in the human eye?
• What cells populate the corneal stroma for repair and maintenance?
• Increasing the bandwidth of the light source in OCT directly improves which aspect?
• Which layer contains the synapses between bipolar cell axons and ganglion cell dendrites?
• When was Optical Coherence Tomography first introduced?
• What is the area between the macula and the optic nerve head called?
• Which description best characterizes the cornea epithelium?
• What is the name of the junction between the retina and the ciliary body?
• Munson sign documents which condition?
• What is the abbreviation for the choriocapillaris?
• In which retinal layer are the cell nuclei of bipolar cells located?
• How does the inner nuclear layer typically appear histologically?
• Which statement correctly describes Descemet's membrane?
• To stabilize an unstable patient during an ocular procedure, which approach is recommended?
• Bowman's membrane composition is described as which of the following?
• In the Outer Plexiform Layer, signals are received by which cells?
• Bowman's membrane serves which protective function?
• How does a normal foveal thickness map appear in terms of color and thickness range?
• In Fuchs dystrophy, which corneal layer is implicated in causing impaired exchange between the cornea and the rest of the eye?
• Which factor should be prioritized when installing OCT software on a new network to protect patient data?
• What is the abbreviation for the retinal nerve fiber layer?
• A lamellar macular hole is characterized by:
• Which statement correctly describes an EHR?
• Bowman's membrane is composed of which components?
• Retinoschisis occurs specifically between which two retinal layers?
• When a relative asks for scan interpretation, what is the correct course of action?
• In idiopathic central serous choroidopathy, which part is most involved?
• In imaging of macular edema, which test is most commonly used to quantify macular thickness?
• Spectral domain OCT introduces the use of a(n):
• What does hyper reflective and hypo reflective mean in OCT?
• Which description correctly characterizes the inner plexiform layer?
• In OCT color mapping, which statement best describes the color interpretation?
• The papillomacular axis is the line connecting which retinal structures?
• Which statement best describes the role of Bruch's membrane?
• Schwalbe's line is described as which of the following?
• Stratus-OCT Time-Domain is described by which statement?
• Is the Nuclear layer hyper reflective or hypo reflective?
• Which statement best describes a tractional lamellar macular hole on OCT?
• Which two membranes are found in the cornea?
• What does SLD stand for in OCT light sources?
• Which is the innermost layer of the cornea?
• Which statement describes a pseudo macular hole on OCT?
• Cones are densely packed in which retinal region?
• OCT creates images of the retina using which type of waves?
• Which part of the eye is affected by Wet AMD?
• In a false-color retinal thickness map, which color typically indicates the foveal depression (thinned area) in a normal eye?
• In retinitis pigmentosa as described, what happens to photoreceptors?
• An operculum in the retina is best described as:
• Which statement best describes automatic real time (ART) in OCT imaging?
• What is the minimal pupil size required for a quality OCT scan?
• On OCT, subretinal fluid (CSR fluid) is depicted as which color?
• In Time Domain OCT, what is the typical axial resolution?
• Is the RPE typically hyper reflective or hypo reflective on OCT?
• What does it mean when two consecutive OCT scans are taken in the same eye area?
• Specular photomicrography images which corneal layer?
• Which layer lies between the RPE and the choriocapillaris?
• Which of the following is NOT a corneal layer?
• What is the abbreviation for the photoreceptors interdigitation zone?
• Which retinal layer contains the nuclei of photoreceptors?
• The acronym ILM stands for which anatomical structure?
• Where are Drusen deposits typically located?
• In OCT imaging, a hyper reflective layer would usually appear as which relative brightness compared with surrounding tissue?
• What is the wavelength used by spectral domain OCT?
• Which condition causes fluid pressure to build in the eye and damage the optic nerve tissue?
• Stratus-OCT is an older time-domain technology; a modern OCT advantage is higher speed and resolution.
• Backscattered signal in OCT is described as light that returns toward which component?
• If a patient is being scanned and a granddaughter asks you to interpret the scan, what is the appropriate action?
• What is the responsibility of the corneal endothelium?
• Axial resolution in OCT is determined by which property?
• What is the abbreviation for the inner plexiform layer?
• In the inner-to-outer retina sequence, which layer lies directly in front of the choroid?
• Which retinal layer forms a barrier to the retina's own blood vessels?
• What does the acronym EHR refer to in medical records?
• What does OCT angiograph scan?
• If sampling occurs below the Nyquist rate, what artifact is expected to appear?
• Drusen development occurs at which retinal interface?
• Which corneal layer is immediately posterior to the stroma?
• What is the primary function of the Outer Plexiform Layer?
• You are scanning the macula of a patient's left eye and want to view tissues temporal to the macula. Where should the patient look?
• A-scan yields what kind of data at a single lateral position?
• Backscattering in OCT refers to light that is scattered back toward the light source/detector.
• Which of the following best describes the main characteristics of diabetic retinopathy?
• Which statement about the scleral spur is accurate?
• Which anatomical landmark is used to start a measurement of the angle using anterior segment OCT?
• Which statement best defines a retinal hole?
• In OCT imaging, hyper-reflective areas appear as what?
• In a tractional lamellar macular hole, traction is observed above which layer?
• Optic nerve dysplasia is described as which of the following terms?
• In a healthy eye, are there capillaries in the center of the fovea?
• Which layer lies directly before the Inner Nuclear Layer in the inner-to-outer retina sequence?
• Which structure forms the boundary between the retina and the choroid?
• Which statement best describes horizontal cells in the inner nuclear layer?
• In what year was OCT introduced?
• In SD-OCT, what does SD stand for?
• Which statement best describes the photoreceptor ellipsoid zone?
• What is qualitative data?
• What is the major concern of an ophthalmologist when a patient has glaucoma?
• What is the main function of the Henle fiber layer in the retina?
• Which cells contribute nuclei to the inner nuclear layer?
• Which structure carries the axons that transmit visual information toward the brain?
• In Dry AMD, where are drusen located relative to Bruch's membrane?
• What is Bruch's membrane?
• The long-wavelength peak (L-cones) corresponds to which color range?
• What is the Henle fiber layer described as?
• Optic nerve hypoplasia is characterized by?
• What is the abbreviation for the choroidal vessels?
• Which description best matches the choriocapillaris in relation to the outer retina?
• Which layer forms a blood barrier to the retina blood vessels?
• Which corneal layer forms the inner surface facing the anterior chamber?
• Cones are primarily responsible for which visual function?
• An optic pit is usually located on the optic nerve head in which region?
• What is the primary difference between quantitative data and qualitative data in OCT reporting?
• Interpolation in imaging is defined as:
• The Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope is used to do what?
• On OCT imaging, Bruch's membrane is seen as which feature?
• Which statement best describes what an A-scan provides in OCT?
• What is the area around the optic nerve called in OCT imaging?
• What does ART stand for in OCT terminology?
• What is another name for the corneal stroma?
• How does the outer nuclear layer appear on an OCT scan?
• A macular hole that extends through the full thickness of the macula is best described as?
• What is the ganglion cell complex?
• What does an A-scan measure?
• Which layer forms a blood barrier to the choroidal vessels?
• Which structure in the retina has the most vascular structure with the highest blood flow?
• Low reflectivity areas appear which color on OCT images?
• What is the primary role of Descemet's membrane?
• Approximately how many rod photoreceptors are in the human eye?
• In anterior segment OCT, which anatomical landmark is used to start the measurement of an angle?
• Dry AMD is characterized by which of the following?
• On an OCT scan, you observe pigment in the vitreous floating above the retina. Which pigment is this most consistent with?
• What information does an A-scan provide in OCT?
• How does the outer nuclear layer appear on an OCT scan in terms of color?
• What is the primary purpose of angle assessment in the anterior segment?
• What is considered the most common camera artifact?
• How does the retinal nerve fiber layer typically appear on OCT?
• On infrared OCT images, exudates and drusen typically appear as which color?
• Bruch's membrane serves as a barrier between which two ocular structures?
• What is the correct inner-to-outer order of retinal layers?
• In OCT, what does an A-scan represent?
• What is the function of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE)?
• Which cells make up the three cellular types within the inner nuclear layer?
• A fundus lesion which emits fluorescent light without the presence of sodium fluorescein is called?
• The Ora Serrata is the anatomical junction between the retina and which structure?
• Which acronym stands for retinal pigment epithelium?
• Which statement correctly describes the synaptic connections within the inner plexiform layer?
• Which landmark is used to find the edge of the optic disc?
• Which statement best defines Wet AMD?
• Which disorder causes damage to the optic nerve due to poor blood flow, disease, trauma, or exposure to toxic substances?
• Which layer is the location of the cell bodies of the photoreceptors (rods and cones)?
• What is the abbreviation for the Henle fiber layer?
• In OCT reports, thickness maps provide what type of data?
• What is the primary purpose of the corneal epithelium?
• What potential complication can arise from an optic pit?
• What measurement principle does OCT rely on to detect retinal structures?
• The photoreceptor ellipsoid zone appears as which of the following on OCT?
• What does the outer nuclear layer contain?
• Which of the following is an example of a quantitative protocol?
• What happens if RPE function changes?
• Which corneal layer lies directly beneath Bowman's membrane?
• Peripapillary refers to tissue around which structure?
• Bowman's membrane is also known as which of the following?
• What is the function of the Outer Nuclear Layer?
• Which statement describes EMR?
• Which statement best differentiates Wet AMD from Dry AMD?
• Which layer is the site where signals pass from photoreceptors to other retinal neurons?
• In OCT interferometry, what is produced by combining light from the reference and sample arms?
• How should you correct a line scan that is tilted at an angle during OCT imaging?
• What does EMR stand for?
• Ellipsoid Zone (EZ) is a highly reflective band indicating which part of the photoreceptors?
• Which statement about the RPE's cellular organization is true?
• If a patient has cystoid macular edema, what test would most likely be ordered?
• Which outcome is most associated with Wet AMD?
• Which statement about the outer nuclear layer is true?
• Compared to spectral-domain OCT, Stratus-OCT Time-Domain generally has which characteristic?
• RNFL segments are commonly referred to as what?
• Optic neuritis is inflammation of the optic nerve caused by infection or immune-mediated disease such as MS. Which term describes this condition?
• Normal healthy eyes have RNFL thickness of how many microns or greater?
• Optic disc pallor (atrophy) refers to which description of the optic disc color?
• What is a comprehensive function of the corneal stroma?
• The ganglion cell complex includes which retinal layers?
• Optic nerve dysplasia is described as what?
• Which sequence reflects the recommended steps for instilling eye drops?
• If a patient has proliferative diabetic retinopathy, which imaging tests might be ordered?
• Schwalbe's line is a continuation of which corneal structure?
• Which statement best describes the Henle fiber layer?
• Which term describes fundus lesions that emit light without injection of fluorescein?
• IS/OS refers to which parts of the photoreceptors?
• Which of the following is considered a common corneal disorder?
• What is the choroid?
• RPE stands for?
• What is quantitative data?
• Which is not a layer of the cornea?
• How many regions are in the ETDRS grid?
• Which imaging domain in OCT uses a Fourier transform to reconstruct depth information?
• Which layer is the location of synapses between photoreceptors and bipolar cells?
• Which layer is described as a bridge transferring visual information from photoreceptors to other processing cells?
• What is the refractive power of the cornea?
• Which macular hole is described as partial-thickness, or lamellar, not involving the full macular thickness?
• Which structure separates photoreceptor cells from the outer nuclear layer?
• Which statement is true about spectral-domain OCT compared to time-domain?
• The outer nuclear layer on OCT is best described as which color?
• What is the appearance of the photoreceptor ellipsoid zone on an OCT scan?
• Which statement best describes the main function of the inner plexiform layer?
• External Limiting Membrane (ELM) is described as a barrier between which structures?
• Clogging of Bruch's membrane is associated with progression of which conditions?
• Which statement best describes cone distribution in the retina?
• What is the vitreous humor?
• A line scan report in OCT primarily shows which of the following?
• A retinal photo shows defined white, cloud-like clumps within the retina. What is this feature most consistent with?
• In the human eye, what color is the retinal nerve fiber layers?
• Which function does the RPE perform to improve optical quality?
• Cones are more prevalent in the macula and are responsible for?
• Rods are mostly responsible for which visual function?
• An anterior segment OCT that shows thinning of the cornea is an indication of:
• What part of the retinal anatomy is most likely in the center of the viewfinder when a patient looks straight into the camera?
• Drusen deposits are typically located in which retinal layer?
• What is volumetric OCT used for?
• How does Bruch's membrane appear in an OCT scan?
• Which statement correctly describes the formation of the foveal pit?
• How many wavelengths do the cones have?
• Which structure is primarily responsible for draining excess aqueous humor from the anterior chamber?
• What function do amacrine cells serve in the inner nuclear layer?
• Normal fovea thickness map color and microns?
• Keratitis refers to inflammation of which ocular structure?
• What color would a very hyper-reflective layer, thick layer of the retina show up as on an OCT scan?
• What is the axial resolution of spectral-domain (SD) OCT?
• In computing terminology, what is an interface?
• Photoreceptor Inner Segment (Myoid Layer) forms which part?
• What is typically a major clinical concern for glaucoma management?
• Which of the following describes a key function of the retinal pigment epithelium?
• Which OCT modality generally provides higher axial resolution and faster data acquisition?
• Schlemm's canal drains aqueous humor into which vessels?
• Which corneal layer is immediately anterior to Descemet's membrane?
• Photoreceptors are located in which retinal region?
• What are the scanning speeds of spectral domain OCT and time domain OCT?
• What is the primary output of volumetric OCT used for macular assessment?
• A normal foveal thickness map is represented by which color?
• Which color represents high reflectivity on OCT images?
• What is the appearance of the external limiting membrane on an OCT scan?
• What is the minimal pupil size for a quality OCT?
• What is another name for the Outer Plexiform Layer?
• How does diabetic retinopathy primarily cause vision loss?
• To ensure accurate digital representation in OCT, sampling frequency should be at least how many times the highest frequency component?
• Which of the following is not part of the inner-to-outer retina sequence listed?
• Which retinal layers are highly reflective on OCT?
• What does the acronym OCT stand for in ophthalmic imaging?
• OCT spectral-domain how does it work?
• What is the primary purpose of Bowman's membrane?
• Optic nerve dysplasia refers to what?
• What is the abbreviation for the photoreceptors inner segments (myoid layer)?
• Which layer primarily houses the cell bodies of the ganglion cells?
• Which statement is NOT a function of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)?
• In spectral-domain OCT, the speed is typically described as tens of thousands of A-scans per second. Which option correctly states this rate?
• Amacrine cells are primarily involved in which function?
• Archiving refers to?
• What is the abbreviation for the internal limiting membrane?
• When cleaning a photographic lens, which action should you avoid?
• Which is an example of a quantitative protocol in OCT practice?
• What is the main advantage of using a confocal microscope in ophthalmic imaging?
• Interferometry in OCT relies on which component that the beam splits and measures how long light takes to return?
• Nyquist rate is defined as:
• What does the Photoreceptor Ellipsoid Zone represent?
• Which two retinal structures commonly appear white on OCT due to high reflectivity?
• Which hygiene step is recommended before instilling eye drops to prevent contamination?
• Which of the following is a layer of the retina?
• Why is the macula important in retinal anatomy?
• What is the minimal pupil size for quality OCT?
• NOT part of the sensory retina?
• What does the Outer Nuclear Layer contain?
• What does the choriocapillaris do to the retina?
• What color are the retinal nerve fiber layers in the human eye?
• EDI stands for what in imaging?
• What layer of the retina contains the rods and cones?
• What is the most common camera artifact in ophthalmic imaging?